Iriburiro: Uruhare rwa Pani yubaka mubwubatsi bugezweho
Amashanyarazi yubatswe nimwe mubikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byubwubatsi mubwubatsi no mubikorwa byinganda. Yashizweho kugirango itange imbaraga, ituze rinini, hamwe nu mutwaro - yerekana imikorere, igira uruhare runini muri sisitemu yo kubaka no guturamo.
Bitandukanye nimbaho zishushanya, pani yubatswe isuzumwa cyane cyane ishingiye kumiterere yubukanishi, imikorere ihuza, no kubahiriza ibipimo byubaka. Mugihe uburyo bwubwubatsi bukomeje kugenda bwiyongera kwisi yose, pani yubatswe ikomeza kuba urufatiro kumasoko menshi.
Iyi ngingo itanga incamake yumwuga wububiko bwa pani, yibanda kubigize, gutondekanya, ibiranga imikorere, hamwe nukuri - kwisi.
1.Ibikoresho byubaka ni iki?
Amashanyarazi yubatswe ni panneur ya injeniyeri ikozwe muguhuza ibice byinshi byimbaho zimbaho hamwe nibifata munsi yubushyuhe nigitutu. Ubusanzwe ibyerekezo bitunganijwe muburyo budasanzwe, hamwe nicyerekezo cyintete cyibice byegeranye byerekanwe kuri perpendicular.
Uyu musaraba - imiterere ya laminated yongerera imbaraga imbaraga, igabanya ingendo zingana, kandi igahindura uburyo bwo guhangana no gucika no gutwarwa munsi yumutwaro.
Amashanyarazi yubatswe yakozwe muburyo bwihariye kugirango yuzuze umutwaro - hamwe nibisabwa biramba bisobanurwa nubuziranenge bwigihugu cyangwa mpuzamahanga.
2. Imiterere ya Veneer hamwe nibice bigize
2.1 Umusaraba - Ubwubatsi bwa Laminated
Igisobanuro kiranga pani yubatswe ni umusaraba wacyo - imiterere ya veneer:
Odd - inomero zifite numero (3-ply, 5-ply, 7-ply, nibindi)
Guhinduranya icyerekezo cy'ingano
Kuringaniza kubaka
Igishushanyo cyerekana kugabanuka gukomeye hamwe no kunoza imbaraga zo kugonda mubyerekezo byombi.
2.2 Ubwoko bwibiti bisanzwe bikoreshwa
Amashanyarazi yubatswe arashobora gukorwa hifashishijwe ubwoko bwibiti cyangwa ibiti byoroshye, bitewe nibisabwa mukarere nibisabwa.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwibiti byoroshye birimo:
Pine
Spuce
Fir
Larch
Ubwoko bwibiti bisanzwe bikubiyemo:
Amashanyarazi
Birch
Ibiti bivanze byo mu turere dushyuha
Guhitamo amoko bigira ingaruka kubucucike, imbaraga, hamwe nuburemere bwibintu byanyuma.
3. Sisitemu yo gufatira hamwe no guhuza ibikorwa
Imikorere ifatika nikintu cyingenzi kigena ubuziranenge bwa pani.
Sisitemu isanzwe ifata harimo:
Fenol - formaldehyde (PF) yo hanze - pani yo mu rwego
Melamine - urea - formaldehyde (MUF) ya kimwe cya kabiri -
Urea - formaldehyde (UF) yo gukoresha imbere
Amashanyarazi yimbere asaba amazi - idashobora kwihanganira cyangwa guteka - guhuza ibimenyetso kugirango birebire igihe kirekire - igihe kirekire mubihe bidukikije.
4. Gutondekanya kubisaba no gukora
Amashanyarazi yubatswe arashobora gushyirwa mubyiciro ashingiye kubikoreshwa:
4.1 Imbere yimbere
Yashizweho kubidukikije byumye, bigenzurwa
Ikoreshwa mu igorofa yo hasi, gukata urukuta, n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu
4.2 Amashanyarazi yo hanze
Yakozwe hamwe nikirere - imiti yihanganira
Bikwiranye no gusakara, gukora, hamwe na sisitemu yo hanze
4.3 Marine na Special - Intego Yububiko
Gutezimbere guhuza hamwe nubwiza bwa veneer
Byakoreshejwe murwego rwo hejuru - ubuhehere cyangwa umutwaro - ibidukikije bikomeye
5. Ibikoresho bya mashini nibintu bikora
Ibipimo byingenzi byerekana imikorere ya pani irimo:
Modulus ya elastique (MOE)
Modulus yo guturika (MOR)
Imbaraga zogosha
Kuramo ubushobozi - ubushobozi bwo gufata
Kwihanganira umubyibuho ukabije hamwe
Gukora ubudahwema no kugenzura ubuziranenge nibyingenzi kugirango tumenye imikorere yizewe mubikorwa byubaka.
6. Porogaramu zisanzwe za firime yubaka
Amashanyarazi yubatswe akoreshwa cyane mu nganda, harimo:
Sisitemu yo hasi na subflooring
Gukata urukuta no hejuru
Impapuro zifatika
Gupakira no gutekesha inganda
Imiterere yigihe gito na scafolding
Ubwinshi bwayo butuma iba ibikoresho byatoranijwe muri sisitemu yo kubaka ihoraho nigihe gito.
7. Ibipimo n'impamyabumenyi
Ukurikije amasoko yagenewe, pani yubatswe irashobora kubahiriza ibipimo nka:
Ibipimo bya EN (Uburayi)
Ibipimo bya APA / PS (Amerika y'Amajyaruguru)
Ibipimo bya AS / NZS (Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande)
Icyemezo cyemeza ko panele yujuje imikorere isobanutse, umutekano, nibidukikije bisabwa.
Umwanzuro: Ibikoresho byizewe kubikorwa byubaka
Amashanyarazi yubatswe akomeje kuba ibikoresho byibanze mubwubatsi bugezweho kubera imbaraga, ituze, hamwe n’imihindagurikire. Iyo byerekanwe neza kandi bikozwe neza, bitanga impirimbanyi yizewe hagati yimikorere nubushobozi.
Mugihe imyitozo yo kubaka igenda ishimangira kuramba, umutekano, no kuramba, pani yubatswe ikomeza kuba ikintu cyingenzi mubisubizo byibiti byakozwe.
